Variable-speed planetary gearing.



E. GNOETH.

VARIABLE SPEED PLANETARY GBARING.

APPLIOATION FILED JULYS, 1911.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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Patented June 4, 1912.

E GNOETH. VARIABLE SPEED PLANETARY GEARING. APPLICATION FILED JULYs. 1911.

1,028,347, Patented June 4, 1912.

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E. GNOE TH. VARIABLE SPEED PLANETARY GBARING.

APPLIOATION FILED JULY 3, 1911.

Patented June 4, 1912.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

m r. GNoE'r'n, or mnnrsomvnnn, oHIo.

VARIABLE SPEED PLANETARY i GEARING.

Specification of lletters Patent.

PatentedJune 4, 1912.

Application filed July 8, 1911. Serial No. 638,586.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EMiL GNOETH, a cit-izen of the United States, residing at Madisonville, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Variable- Speed Planetary Gearing; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.-

This invention relates to improvements in variable speed planetary gearing.

One object of the invention is to provide a gearing of this character having means whereby a high, medium or low speed'may be secured in a forward direction and a low speed in a rearward direction.

Another object of the invention is to pro- 20. duce a variable speed. gearing of this character which will be, simple, strong and durable in construction, efiicient and reliable in operation and provided with an improved means for shifting the parts to obtain the various speeds.

With these and other objects in view, the invention consists of certain novel features of construction, and the combination and ar-. rangement of parts as will be morelfullydescribed and claimed. I

In theaccompanying drawings: Figure 1 is acentral longitudinal sectional view through my improved gearing showing the .parts'adjusted for producing a low speed forward and a reverse drive by operating one or the other brake bands. thereof; Fig. 2 is across sectional view on theline '2-2 of Fig. 1; Fig.3 isasimilar view on the line 3-.'3 of :Fig. 1; Fig. 4: is a similar view, on 4 0 the line 4 4 of Fig. 1'; Fig. 5 isa small diagrammatic view showing the arrangement of the clu-tchlocking levers.

Referring more particularl to the drawings, 1 denotes the powers aft having a stop flange 2 with which is engaged a thrust collar 3. arranged on the shaft-1. With the collar 3 is engaged a brass; washer 4. On the I adjacent end-of hesh'aft 1 is arranged a bushing 43*" with which-"is engaged the driven o0 element which herein ,s hown= asa slea e 5 suitable manner to" a driyengreaf' axle or any other driven partaa' dis here shoygn On the inner end of the sleeve 5 is formed a spur gear 7. On the shaft-l a suitable distance from the gear 7 is keyed a disk 8 carrying the inner member or cone 8 of a medium speed frictionclutch. The clutch member 8 1s of hollow construction and has ar ranged therein and fixedly connected thereto a hardened .steel' ring 9 which forms the outer member of the low speed clutch.

Loosely mounted on the shaft 1 between the clutch member 8 and the gear 7 is a bearing sleeve 11 to one end of which adjacent the gear 7 is keyed a pinion l2, while to the opposite end of said sleeve is keyed acircular hardened steel plate or disk .13 forming part of thelow speed and reverse driving mechanism. The plate13 is-provided on its as having keyed thereto a sprocket gear 6.

outeredge with an annular right angularly projecting flange 13? having formed therein a series of radially disposed notches 14, said notches having their bottom or inner walls beveled or inclined as shown in Fig. 3. In the notches of the flange on the plate 13 are arranged hardened steel rollers 15. The diameter of the rollers 15 is slightly less than the width of the space between the deepest parts of the notches 13*" and the adjacent surface of the'ring 9 so that when said rollers are in 'the deepest part of the notches the clutch members 9 and 13' are "disengaged and permitted to operate independently of each other. When the rollers 15 move away from the deepest part of the notches 14 they form a binding 'engagement between the beveled or inclined inner walls of the notches and the adjacent surface of the ring 9 and'thus lock the clutchmembers and cause the same to move together.;

In the deepest end of the notches 'lel are i actuated to force the-rollers 15 toward'the shallower ends ofthe notches so that when the clutchmember 9 isturned in the direcis applied to the pins 14? and thelatter thus tion of the arrow shown in-Fig. '3-of the drawings, the rollers will immediately bind and lock the clutch members 9 and 13 together. When however, the clutch member 9'is drivenin t e opposite direction the rollers will be forced back into the deepest part spring'projected PlIlS 14 thus disengaging the clutch members 9 and 13 to permit the latter to turn independently. By thus constructing and arranging the clutch members 9 and 13 the power of the shaft 1 is applied to obtain either a low speed forward or reverse drive as will be hereinafter more fully described.

On the bearing sleeve 11 is loosely mounted a bearing sleeve 16 having fixed on its end adjacent to the pinion 12 a spur gear pinion 17. Keyed to the opposite end of the sleeve is a circular plate 18 having a hollow hub 19 and having on one side near its outer edge an annular laterally extending flange 20 which forms the outer member of the medium speed clutch and has its inner wall inclined to correspond with the tapered or conical outer surface of the inner clutch member 8 with which said outer The planet carrier comprises a cylindrical I casing 22 open on its outer end-and having its inner end closed by anintegral plate 23 'provided with central bearing aperture adapted to receive the sleeve 16 on which said casing is revolubly m unted. The end of the casing 22 is closed by a circularbearing plate 25 having a centrally disposed bearing aperture and an elongated hub 26 which is revolubly mounted on the sleeve hereinbefore described. The outer edge of the plate 25 fits into the outer end of the casing 22 and engages an annular rib or flange 27 therein as shown.

bearing apertures 28 in which are fixedly mounted a series of short planet-gear supporting shafts'29 provided with bushings 30 on which are revolubly mounted bearin sleeves 31. On'the outer ends of the sleeves 31 are pinions 32 which are 0 eratively, engaged with the gear 7 on the eeve 5 of the drlven sprocket gear 6. Keyed'to the sleeves 31 are spur gears 33 which are operatively engaged with the pinion 12 on thesleeve 11,

.and other spur gears 34 which are'operatively engaged with the pinions 17 on the sleeve 16. j e

The outer member of the high speed clutch has been-heretofore described, as consisting of the internally inclined flange 21 on the plate 18. The casing 22 of the planet carrier is provided with the. inner member 7 of this clutch, by making the inner end of Formed in the. plates 23 and 25 are alined' said casing tapering or slightly conical as shown at 24 and projecting it within the flange 21.

Secured to the outer edge of the flange 20 is a circular end plate 35 having a centrally disposed opening to receive the hub of the clutch member 8 and having formed its outer edge an annular series of pockets 38 carrying anti-friction bearing balls 39.

The balls 39 bear against the plate 36 and with the opposite sides of the balls is engaged a circular shifting plate 40 which is loosely mounted on the shaft 1.

The outer end of the shaft 1 is slightly reduced and is threaded for a short distance adjacent to the outer side of the plate 40 as shown at 41. Sliding on the reduced end of the shaft is a two-step cone 42 which has formed near its outer end an annular groove 43. Adjustably engaged with the threaded surface 41 of the shaft is a lever supporting collar 44 having formed thereon pairs of radially projecting apertured ears or lugs 45 between which are pivotally' mounted clutch shifting levers 46. The levers 46 have on their inner ends cam heads 47 which are engaged with the shiftingplate 40. In the outer ends of the levers are revolubly mounted anti-friction rollers48 which are adapted to be engaged with the stepp'ed surfaces of the clutch shifting cone 42 whereby when said cone is moved inwardly or outwardly the levers 46 will be rocked and the plate 40 thus caused to I shift the clutch members to their various positions as will be hereinafter more fully described.

Loosely r'nountedin the hollow hub 19 is a thrust collar 49 between which and a bearing ring 50 is arranged a series of anti-friction' bearing balls 51. outer side of the thrust collar-49 is engaged one end of acoiled spring 52 the opposite side of the plate 23 which carriesithe inner With the recessed end of which is engaged with theadjacent' member 24 ofjthe high speed clutch. By

thus arranging the spring 52 it will be seen that the. re'ssureof the same is exerted to forcean hold the members of the high face of the casing forming part of the planet carrier-is a brake band 53 the ends of which are suitably connected with apedal 54 arranged as shown in Fig. 5 of the drawand adapted to be brought into. engagement with the outer sur-- ing and adapted to be engaged with the outer surface of the high speed clutch flange 21 is a brake band 55 the ends of which are operatively'connected with a pedal 56 which is also shown in Fig. of the drawings. The pedals 54 and 56 are provided with operating notches 57 with which are en aged the free ends of push rods 58 whic are slidably supported in suitable guides 59 and outer ends of .t

are connected at their opposite ends to a rock lever 60 pivotally supported between its extremities as shown. This lever in turn is connecteddn any suitable way as by 'a link 61, with a hand lever .62 having a thumb latch 63 moving over a toothed segment 64. This detail of construction permits the operator to move either or both of the pedals with his feet, to apply hand power through the lever 62 to move either but not both of the edals by hand, and of course to use this ban power to assist the movement of said foot on eitherpedal; and the catch and plate 40 and through the bearing balls 39' and end plate 35 the plate 18 is pushed inward until the outer member 21, is brou ht into operative engagement .with the coactlng inner member 24 of the high speed clutch. This locks the entire planet carrier to the main shaft 1, whereby the sprocket gear 6 is operated at the same speed as the shaft. To obtain a medium or lesser speed the lever operating-cone 42 is shifted outwardly to entirely clear the rollers 48 thus permitting the sp)rin .52fto force the late18 outwardlythere yx' ringing the medium speed .clutch flange 20' thereon into operative engagement with the 'coacting ---'inner medium speed clutch member-8; and the brake band 53 is locked into operative engagement with the planet carrier to' 'holdit against. rotation.

Thereafter power is communicated from the main shaft 1 throu hthe closed mediumclutch, plate 18;; :-'its'- 11b :19, sleeve 16, and pinion 17 the mdiumsi'zedplanet gears 34, and from the"la,tter Qt-0' the planet pinio'n'sr32. These being in engagement-With the .geai f"? on the sleeve .15, will, drive these? perate'the sprocket gear '6-- -t ei.flj i n" emh i-gme m pe .andi'in thetsamepdireetion asf'theisha ft 1 is 'movi .;.To attain speed a forward direction the lever operating cone 4:2 is shifted to a position, wherein the rollers of the levers 46 engage the first step or smaller diameter of the cone as shown in Fig. 1. When the levers are in this position they will force the plate 18 back against the pressure of the spring 52 and will hold the same in an intermediate osition wherein neither the medium speed c utch member 20 nor the high speed clutch member 21 is in an operative position or in engagement with its respective coacting member; and the brake band'53 again operated to engage and lock the planet carrier against rotation.

Thereafter the main shaft through the low speed clutch and the rollers 15 will drive the sleeve 11, pinion 12, and largest of the planet gears 33 so as to rotate the latter and the sleeves 31 on which they are fixed ,The sleeves 31 when thus driven will operate the pinions 32 and through the latter will drive the gear 7, sleeve 5 and sprocket gear 6 in the same direction as the shaft,1 but at a much lower speed. The 'sprocket gear 6 is driven in a reverse direction at a low speed by shifting the parts in the same manner as just described for obtaining a low speed forward movement except that the brake band 55 is o erated. instead of the brake band 53 and t e plate 18 locked against rotation' instead of the planet carrier. Thereafter power 'iscommunicated from the shaft 1' to the largest planetary gears 33 in the manner just described, but as the planet carrier is now loose and may turn around the shaft all the planets revolve around it while rotating on theirfown axes, the engagement of theplanetary gears 34 with the now fixed pinion 17 causes the planet pinions 32 to rotate the spur gear 7 at a low speed and in a reverse direction in a manne: well un-' derstood.

' The particular object of my invention the production of a medium speed which is an extra speed in a planetary transmission gearing, without adding any more gears than have been heretofore used in a planetary gearing'having only one high speed,, one

low speed and one reverse, thus obtaining a three speed forward drive and a one speed reverse without requiring any more space or complicating the mechanism. A three speed forward and reverse drive mechanism is particularly advantageous in running a motor'vehicle when being driven. over a grade or rough road where high speed will not work and low speed is too slow, at which times the medium speed will be found to be very desirable and efiect-ivef A three speed forward drive planetary transmission gear- .ing 'constructed in accordance with my invention will alsohe found to be much safer for inexperienced operators than the usual three speed sliding or selective type gear,

and by providing the hand levers 62 in connection with the pedals 56 for operatin the brake bands when running at low or me ium speed for a long distance such as going up a long grade the foot may be released from the pedals after the hand lever is locked in position without stopping the motor vehicle.

From the foregoing description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, the construction and operation of the invention will be readily understood without requiring a more extended explanation.

Various changes in the form, proportion and the minor details of construction may be resorted to without departing from the principle or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention claimed.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. In a variable speed planetary gearing, the combination with the power shaft, the

' driven element having a spur gear, a planet carrier inclosing the latter, a plurality of shafts in the carrier, a set of planet gears on each shaft one of which meshes with said spur gear, an inner sleeve loose on the power shaft and having a pinion meshing with the largest planet gear, and an outer sleeve loose on the inner sleeve and having a pinion meshing with the medium planet gear; of a disk fast on the inner sleeve and having a flange constituting the inner member ofthe; low speed clutch, a disk fast on the power shaft and' having a cone constituting the inner member of the medium speed clutch, mechanism within the cone and coacting with said flange to make up the low s eed clutch, a plate splined on the outer s eeve and having oppositely projecting flanges, one of which coacts with said cone to make up the medium speed clutch and the other of which forms the outer member of the high speed clutch, the casing of said carrier constituting the inner member of the latter, a brake applicable to said carrier, a brake applicable to said plate, and manually controlled means for adjusting said plate and its flanges so as to engage the two members of the medium speed clutch or those of the high speed clutch, or to simultaneously disengage both.

2. In a variable speed planetary gearing, the combination with the power shaft, the driven element having a spur gear, a planet carrier comprising a casin having a conical portion -constituting the lnner member of the high speed clutch, a plurality of shafts in the carrier, a set of planet ears on each shaft one of which meshes w1th said spur gear, an inner sleeve loose on the power. shaft and having a pinion meshing with the largest planet gear, and an outer sleeve loose on the inner sleeve and having a pinion meshing with the medium planet gear; of a disk fast on the inner sleeve and having a flange constituting the inner member of the low speed clutch, a disk fast on the power shaft and having a cone constituting the inner member of the medium speed clutch, mechanism within the cone and coactin with said flange to make up the low speec l clutch, a plate splined on the outer sleeve and having oppositely projecting flanges, one of which coacts with said cone to make up the medium speed clutch and the other of which has an inclined inner wall coacting with the conical portion of said carrier to make up the high speed clutch, a brake for the carrier, a separate brake for said plate, and manually controlled means for adjusting said plate and'its flanges so as to engage the two members of the medium speed clutch or those of the high speed clutch, or to si-' multaneously disengage the members of both clutches.

3. In a variable speed planetary gearing,

the combination with the power shaft, the

driven element having a spur gear, a planet carrier comprising a casing having a. comcal portion constituting the inner member of the high speed clutch, a plurality of shafts in the carrier, a set of planet gears on eachshaft one of which meshes with said spur gear, an inner sleeve loose on the power shaft and having a pinion meshing with the largest planet gear, and an outer sleeve loose on the inner sleeve and having a pinion meshing with the medium planet gear; of a disk fast on the inner sleeve and having a flange constituting the inner member of the low speed clutch, a disk fast on the power shaft and having a cone constituting the inner member of the medium speed clutch,

a ring fast within the cone, mechanism carried by the ring and coacting with said flange to make up the low speed clutch, a plate splined on the outer sleeve and having oppositely projecting flanges, one of which has an inclined inner wall coacting with said cone to makeup the medium speed clutch and the other of which has an inclined inner wall coacting with the conical portion of the casing to make up the high speed clutch and a cylindrical outer wall; a brake band surrounding the latter, a second brake band surrounding. the planet casing, mea for setting .said brake bands in'depen entl andmanually controlled means for adjusting said plate and. its flanges so as to engage the two members of the mediumspeed clutch or those of the high speed clutch or to simultaneously disengage the members of both clutches.

- 4. In a variable speed planetary gearing, v

of shafts in the carrier, a set of planet gears.

on each shaft one of which meshes with said spur gear, an inner sleeve loose on the power shaft and having apinion meshing with the largest planet gear, and an outer sleeve loose on the inner sleeve and having a pinion meshing with the medium planet gear; of a disk fast on'the inner sleeve and having peripheral-notches whigh are deeper at one end than at the other, amoller eachfnotch, yielding meansforcing it normally toward the shallower end thereof, a disk fast on the power shaft and having acone constituting the inner member of the medium her of the latter; means 'rotationfof said carrier, independent means speed clutch, a ring fixed within the cone and coacting with saidrollers to make up the low speed clutch, a plate splined on the outer sleeve and having opposltely projecting flanges, one of which coactswith said cone to make up. the medium speed clutch and the other of which-forms the outer member of the highspeed clutch, the casing of said carrier constituting the inngr mellilior ret-ar ing t e for retarding rotation of said plate, and manually controlled means for adjusting said plate and its flanges so as to engage the two members of the medium speed clutch or those ofthe high speed clutch, or to simultaneously disengage the'membersof both clutches, I

5. In a ariable speed planetary g gi the combination with the power shaft,-the

. shafts in the carrier, a set ofplanet gears. on each shaft, one of which meshes with driven element having a sp'ur'gear, a planet carrier inclosing the latter,- a plurality of said spur'gear, an inner sleeve looseon the power shaft and "having a pin'ion'meshin a with the largest. planet gear, a secon sleeve loosely surroundingvthe shaft .and

' having a pinion: meshing theamedium planet gear; of a fast on one sleeveandhaving a flange" provided'with 'periph eral notches wh are deeper atone end than at the other .andfare provided in their deeper ends with sockets, a roller-g ineach notch, a s ring-pressed pin.

in each socket an bearing the roller toward the shallower end of the notch, a disk. fast on the ower shaft .and ha a fl constitut fn the inner:ln'embe l lt pf'"the iig its flanges so as to engage the two members of the medium speed clutch or those of the high speed clutch, ortosimultaneously disengage the members of both clutches.

6. In a variable speed planetary gearing, the combination with the power shaft, the driven element having a spur, gear, a planet carrier inclosing the latter, a plurality of shafts in the carrier, a set of planet gears on each shaft one of which meshes with said spur gear, and two sleeves loosely surrounding the power shaft and having pinions meshing respectively with the largest and medium planet gears; of a disk fast on one sleeve and having a flange, a disk fast,

on the power shaft and havin a cone constitutmg the inner member 0 the medium speed clutch, a ring fixed within the cone, a

ratchet between said flange and ring, a plate having a hollow hub splified on the other sleeve and its body providedwith oppositely pro 'ecting flanges, one of which coacts with sai cone to make up the medium speed clutch and the other of which forms the outer member of the high speed clutch, the casing of saidcarrier constituting the inner member of the latter; means for retarding the rotation of said carrier, independent means for retarding the rotation of said plate, an expansive spring coiled within said ollow hub between sai carrier and late for forcing the latter normall in one irection, and manually controlle means in opposition to said spring for adjusting said plate and its flanges so as to engage the two members of the medium speed clutch or those of the high speed clutch or to simultaneously "disengage the members of both clutches.

7. ha variable s eed planetary gearing,-

the combination wit the power shaft, the

. driven element having a spur gear, a planet carrier inclosing the latter, a plurahty of shafts in. the carrier, a set of planet gears on each shaftone of which meshes with said s ur gear, and a sleeve loosely surrounding t e shaft and having a pinion meshing with a 'a second planet ear 3 of a disk fast on the power shaft and avlng a, cone constituting the inner member of a clutch, a plate splined on the sleeve and havin oppositely projecting flanges one of wh ch coaots wlthsaid cone to make up said clutch. and the other of' which-forms the outer member of the high speed'clutch,'the casing of said carrier constituting the inner member ofg-the,

latter; means for retarding the rotation of said carrier, and manuallycontrolled means for adjusting saidplateegndits 'flangesso as, to engage the two members of,either" clutch, or to simultaneously disengage'the members of both clutches.

' 8. In a variable s eed' planetary Y the combination wi the power shaft, the

driven element having a spur gear, a planet carrier inclosing the latter, a plurality of shafts in the carrier, a set of planet gears on each shaft one of which meshes with said' spur gear, and a sleeve loosely surrounding the shaft and having a pinion meshing with speed clutch, the casing of said carrier constituting the inner member of the latter;

means for retarding the rotation of said carrier, an expansive spring coiled within said hollow hub between said carrier and plate for forcing the latter normally in one direction, and manually cont-rolled means in opposition to said spring for adjusting said plate and its flanges so as to engage the two members of either clutch or to simultaneously disengage the members of both clutches.

9. In a variable speed planetary gearing, the combination. with the power shaft, a planet carrier comprising a casing having a conical portion constituting the inner member of a-high speed clutch, the driven element, and planet gears connected therewith and mounted within the carrier; of a sleeve loosely surrounding the shaft and having a pinion engagingone of the planet gears, a plate splined on the sleeve and having oppositely projecting flanges, one of which coacts with the co ical nortion of the casing to make up the high speed clutch and the other of which is internally flared to constitute the outer member of a lower speed -clutch, a disk fast on the-shaft and having a cone constituting the inner member of the last-named clutch, a brake for checking the rotation of said carrier, and manually controlled means for adjusting said plate and its flanges so as to engage the two members of either clutch, or to simulta neously disengage the members of both clutches.

10. In a variable speed planetary gearing,

- the combination with the power shaft, a

' oppositely projecting flanges, one of which,

planet carrier comprising a casing having a conical portion constitutmgthe inner member of a high speed clutch, the driven element, and planet gears connected therewith and mounted withln the carrier; of a sleeve loosely surrounding the shaft and having a pinion engaging one of the planet gears, a plate splined on the sleeve and having coacts with the conical portion of the casing to make up the high speed clutch and the other of which is internally flared to constitute the outer member of a lower speed clutch, a disk fast on the shaft and having a cone constituting the inner member of the last-named clutch, said plate having a hollow hub, an expansive spring interposed between said hub and the carrier for moving the plate in one direction, manually controlled means in opposition to said spring for adjusting the plate and its flanges so as to engage the two members of either clutch or to simultaneously disengage the members of both clutches, and means for checking the rotation of said carrier.

11. In a variable speed planetary gearing, the combination with the power shaft, a planet carrier comprising a casing having a conical port-ion constituting the inner member of a high speed clutch,"the driven element, and planet gears connected therewith and mounted within the carrier; of'a sleeve loosely surrounding the shaft and having a pinion engaging one of the planet gears, a

-plate splined on the sleeve and having oppositely projecting flanges,-one of which coacts with the conical portion of the casing to'make up the high speed clutch and the other of which is internally flared to constitute the outer member of a lower speed clutch, a disk fast on the shaft and having a cone constituting the inner member of the last-named clutch, said plate havlng a hollow hub, an expansivespring interposed between said-hub and the carrier for moving the plate in one direction, an annular plate around said shaft and spaced from said disk with its edge resting against that of the flange of the lower speed clutch, manually controlled means for adjusting said plate toward the disk in opposition 'to the tension of said spring to engage the members of either clutch or disenga e the members of both, and means for chec 'ng the rotation of said carrier. t

12. In a variable speed transmission gear: in the combination with a povfer shaft, a drlven element, gears and clutch mechanism adapted to connect the shaft and element so as to drive the latter at different speeds, a

shifting plate mounted loosely on the shaft, connections between it and the movable members of said machanisms, anda springpressing said members and plate in one direction; of a collar fast on the shaft, a lever pivoted to the collar and having a head bearing against said plate so as to move 1t in a direction opposed to the tension of sald spring, and means for manuallyadjusting the position of said lever.

13. In a variable speed transmission gearing, the combination with a power shaft, a drlven element, gears and clutch mechanisms adapted to connect the shaft and element so as to drive the latter at different speeds, a shifting plate mounted loosely on the shaft,

a Wear plate in contactwith the movable members of said mechanisms, anti-friction mechanism between said plates, and a spring pressing said members and plates in one direction; of a collar fast on the shaft, a lever pivoted to the collar and having a- V head bearing against said shifting plate so as to move it in a direction opposed to the tension of said spring, a two-step cone 10 mounted slidably on the shaft with its face my hand in presence of two subscribing Wit- 15 I EMIL GNOETH. Witnesses LEONARD W. Hanson, HERMAN HOWIND. 

